Article 2 Magnetic Particle Examination Procedure
第二条磁粉检测程序
1. General总则
In order to norm the inspection, and to ensure the inspection process conform to relevant standard, we specify this procedure.为了规范检验，确保检验过程符合相关标准，我们规定了本程序。
2. Personnel qualification人员资格
a) The operator shall be qualified with class Il or above.Personnel performing MT examination shall be qualified in accordance with SNT-TC-1A操作人员应具备II级或以上资质。执行磁粉检测的人员应符合SNT-TC-1A的要求.。
b) Evaluation person shall be qualified with class II or above. 评估人员应具备二级或以上资质。
3. Preparation准备工作
a) Standard test block have types of Al, C, D and M1标准试块有Al、C、D和M1四种类型
b) Magnetie particle examination shall apply A1-30/100 type test block. The instrument model is CDX-Il. to be calibrated every half year磁粉检测应采用A1-30/100型试块。仪器型号为CDX II，每半年校准一次
c) Type of test block, Instrument calibration and other requirement shall in accordance with ASTM E709.
试块类型、仪器校准和其他要求应符合ASTM E709。
d) The magnetic powder shall have high permeability, low coercivity and low remanence, and have high contrast with surface of examined fittings. 磁粉应具有高磁导率、低矫顽力和低剩磁，并与被检查配件的表面形成高对比度。
e) Wet process should use water or low viscosity oil as dispersion medium. If water used as the supporter, it should be added some rust preventer and surfactant, or defoamer if necessary.
湿法应使用水或低粘度油作为分散介质。如果用水作为载体，应添加一些防锈剂和表面活性剂，必要时可添加消泡剂。
f) Magnetic suspension density shall be confirmed according to type, particle size, apply method and surface of examined fittings. 应根据被检查配件的类型、粒径、使用方法和表面确认磁悬液密度。
g) For Non-fluorescent magnetic powder, configuring density shall be 10-25g/L, precipitating density (including solid volume) shall be 1.2-2.4ml/100ml.
对于非荧光磁粉，配置密度应为10-25g/L，沉淀密度（包括固体体积）应为1.2-2.4ml/100ml。
h) Before measurement, magnetic suspension shall be adequately stired. 测量前，应充分搅拌磁悬浮。
4. Test Moment试验时刻
1) Welding point magnetic particle examination shall be conducted after welding. 焊接后应进行焊点磁粉检测。
2) For materials inclined to flaw, magnetic particle examination shall be conducted 24 hours after welding.
对于有缺陷倾向的材料，应在24小时后进行磁粉检测焊接。
2) Otherwise specified, test for fasteners and forgings shall be conducted after final heat treatment.
除非另有规定，紧固件和锻件的试验应在最终热处理后进行。
5. Test method试验方法
Magnetic Particle Examination shall be required for carbon steel at the proportion of 100% as per ASTM E709.
根据ASTM E709，碳钢应按100%的比例进行磁粉检测。
1) Method: magnet yoke non-fluorescence wet continuous method. 方法：磁轭非荧光湿连续法。
2) When conducting wet process, we should ensure all the examined surface wetted, then apply magnetic suspension.
在进行湿法处理时，我们应该确保所有被检查的表面都湿润，然后施加磁悬浮。
3) Magnetic suspension shall be spurted, and can not flow quickly.磁悬浮应喷射，不能快速流动。
4) Magnetizing, applying magnetic powder and observation of magnetism trace shall be completed within the magnetization磁化、施加磁粉和观察磁痕应在磁化范围内完成.
5) Magnetization Time：Time for Magnetization is 1-3 seconds generally. 磁化时间：磁化时间一般为1-3秒。
6) Magnetizing can be stopped after stopping applying magnetic suspension one second.
停止施加磁悬浮一秒钟后，可以停止磁化。
7) Magnetizing shall be twice at least to ensure the effectiveness.
磁化应至少进行两次，以确保其有效性。
8) Magnetic particle examination of welds shall include all accessible weld surfaces and a band of base metal at least 10mm wide on each side of the weld. 焊缝的磁粉检测应包括所有可接近的焊缝表面和焊缝每侧至少10mm宽的母材带。
9) Reference standard 参考标准。
6. Magnetic yoke elevating power requirements磁轭升降动力要求
1) When magnetic yoke distance reaching the maximum, alternating current magnetic yoke elevating power shall be 45N at least, direct current magnetic yoke shall be 177N at least.
当磁轭距离达到最大值时，交流磁轭升降功率应至少为45N，直流磁轭应至少为177N。
2) When magnetic yoke distance reaching the maximum, intersect magnetic yoke elevating power shall be 118N at least.
当磁轭距离达到最大值时，交叉磁轭提升功率应至少为118N。
3) Magnetic pole should be controlled between 75-200mm, the effective coverage of examination is within 50mm of two sides of magnetic pole ligature, magnetized area shall be not less than 15mm overlay each time.
磁极应控制在75-200mm之间，检查的有效覆盖范围为磁极绑扎两侧50mm以内，每次磁化面积不得小于15mm。
4) If stationary type magnetic yoke be used, it should be verified whether satisfy the relevant requirement according to actual test result. 如果使用固定式磁轭，应根据实际测试结果验证是否满足相关要求。
7. Magnetism trace observation磁痕观测
7.1 Defected magnetism trace observation shall be conducted immediately when magnetism trace be formed.
磁痕形成后，应立即进行缺陷磁痕观察。
7.2 Defected magnetism trace qualification shall be conducted under the visible light, and the examined surface shall be enough illuminated. The intensity of the visible light at the surface of the part/work piece undergoing nonfluorescent particle examination is recommended to a minimum of 100 foot candles (1076 lux).
缺陷磁痕鉴定应在可见光下进行，被检查的表面应足够明亮。建议进行非荧光颗粒检查的零件/工件表面的可见光强度至少为100英尺烛光（1076勒克斯）.
7.3 Besides that magnetism trace be formed due to part non-uniform magnetism of material or wrong operation, all others shall be considered defects.除因材料部分磁性不均匀或操作失误而形成磁痕外，其他均应视为缺陷。
8. Classify and records of magnetism trace磁痕的分类和记录
8.1 Magnetism trace includes correlated reveal, non-correlated reveal and fake reveal.
磁痕包括相关显示、非相关显示和假显示。
8.2 If length-width ratio larger than 3, bar type defected magnetism trace, if less than 3, round type.
长宽比大于3时为条形缺陷磁痕，小于3时为圆形缺陷磁痕。
8.3 If length less than 0.5mm, be ignored.
如果长度小于0.5mm，则忽略不计。
8.4 When two or above defected magnetism trace on the same line and the space not more than 2mm, they can be considered one, the length is sum of two trace and space.
当同一直线上有两条或两条以上缺陷磁痕，间距不超过2mm时，可视为一条，长度为两条磁痕和间距之和。
9. Accept Criteria验收标准
Acceptance standard shall conform to MSS SP-53 as minimum requirement. Acceptance Standards for magnetic particle indications shall be as shown below table.
验收标准应符合MSS SP-53的最 低要求。磁粉探伤的验收标准如下表所示。
Maximum acceptable indications are as follows:最大可接受的迹象如下： |
1. Linear indications (An indication in which the length is more than three times the width.) 1.线性指示（长度超过宽度三倍的指示。） |
0.3 in. (8 mm) long for materials up to 0.5 in. (13 mm) thick 对于厚度不超过0.5英寸（13毫米）的材料，长度为0.3英寸（8毫米） |
0.5 in. (13 mm) long for materials 0.5 in. to 1 in. (13 mm to 25 mm) thick 对于0.5英寸至1英寸（13毫米至25毫米）厚的材料，长度为0.5英寸（13 mm） |
0.7 in. (18 mm) long for materials over 1 in. (25 mm) thick 对于厚度超过1英寸（25毫米）的材料，长度为0.7英寸（18毫米） |
Linear indications must be separated by a distance greater than the length of the longest, adjacent acceptable linear indication. 线性指示之间的距离必须大于最长、相邻的可接受线性指示的长度。 |
Rounded indications (An indication which is circular or elliptical with its length less than three times its width.) 圆形显示（长度小于宽度三倍的圆形或椭圆形显示。） |
0.3 in. (8 mm) diameter for materials up to 0.5 in. (13 mm) thick 厚度不超过0.5英寸（13毫米）的材料直径为0.3英寸（8毫米） |
0.5 in. (13 mm) diameter for materials over 0.5 in. (13 mm) thick 厚度超过0.5英寸（13毫米）的材料直径为0.5英寸（14毫米） |
Four or more rounded indications in a line separated by 0.06 in. (2 mm) or less edge-to-edge are unacceptable, unless the total length does not exceed the individual diameter size allowed for the material thickness being evaluated. 除非总长度不超过所评估材料厚度允许的单个直径尺寸，否则在一条边到边间隔0.06英寸（2毫米）或更小的线上出现四个或更多圆形迹象是不可接受的。 |
10. Re-inspection复检
When following appears, re-inspection shall be conducted:当出现以下情况时，应进行复检：
10.1 When testing over, detection sensitivity not complying with standard when using block testing and verifying
测试结束后，使用块体测试和验证时检测灵敏度不符合标准
10.2 Wrong operation or technical conditions changed操作错误或技术条件改变
10.3 Contract parties cannot agree with each other or if necessary.
合同双方不能达成一致意见，或在必要时达成一致意见。
10.4 Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be reexamined to determine whether or not they are relevant.
任何可疑或可疑的迹象都应重新检查，以确定它们是否相关。
10.5 Repaired Area, if needed. 维修区（如需要）。
11. Demagnetization退磁
When residual magnetism in the part could interfere with subsequent processing or usage, the part shall be demagnetized any time after completion of the examination.
当零件中的残余磁性可能干扰后续加工或使用时，应在检查完成后随时对零件进行退磁。
12. After treatment 检查后
After all inspection, we should timely clean all the waste. 经过所有检查，我们应该及时清理所有废物。
13. Repair修理
When evaluating, if magnetism trace exceeding standard, material shall be marked and recorded in order to repair. All weld repairs shall be performed in accordance with the following limitations and requirements. The welding procedure, welders and operators shall be qualified in accordance with Sectio IX ofthe ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The composition ofthe weld deposit shall be compatible with the composition of the material being welded. Defects shall be completely removed prior to welding by machining, chipping or grinding to sound metal.Removal of these defects shall be verified by magnetic particle examination in accordance with this MT procedure Guide E709, as applicable. After repair welding, the welded area shall be machined or ground smooth to the original contour and shall be completely free of defects as verified by magnetic particle examination in accordance with this MT procedure and Guide E709 as applicable. Repair welding shall not exceed 10 % of the external surface area of the part, or 33 1 ⁄ 3 % of the wall thickness of the finished product, or 3 ⁄ 8in. [10 mm] deep maximum at the location of the repair, without prior approval of the purchaser. Weld repaired material or parts, or both, shall be marked “RW” when required by the product specification.The weld repair shall conform to the additional requirements, if any, invoked in the product specification.
评估时，如果磁痕超标，应标记并记录材料，以便维修。所有焊接修复应按照以下限制和要求进行。焊接工艺、焊工和操作员应符合ASME锅炉和压力容器规范第九节的要求。堆焊层的成分应与被焊接材料的成分相容。在焊接之前，应通过机械加工、切削或研磨将缺陷完全去除，以获得完好的金属。应根据本磁粉检测程序指南E709（如适用）通过磁粉检测验证这些缺陷的清除情况。补焊后，应按照本磁粉检测程序和E709指南（如适用）对焊接区域进行机械加工或打磨，使其光滑至原始轮廓，并应完全无缺陷。补焊不得超过零件外表面积的10%，或成品壁厚的33.1/3%，或3/8in。未经买方事先批准，维修位置的最大深度为[10mm]。当产品规范要求时，焊接修复的材料或零件，或两者都应标记为“RW”。焊缝修复应符合产品规范中引用的附加要求（如有）。
14. Report and keep in archives报告并存档
Inspection report shall be issued after the testing. Report format as attached.
试验结束后应出具检验报告。报告格式见附件。