Article 3 NDT PROCEDURE FOR FITTINGS – PENETRANT TEST
第三条液体渗透检测程序
Non Destructive Test Procedure for Penetrant Test | Rev.:
1 Reference Standards and Documents 参考标准和文件
Standard No. | English Title | 中文名称 |
ASTM E165/E165M | Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry | 通用工业液体渗透检测标准实践 |
ASME V, Article 6 | Liquid Penetrant Examination | 液体渗透检测 |
ZZGL/SC-2019 | QA/QC Manual | 质量保证/质量控制手册 |
ZZGL/QCP-01 | Control Procedure of Documents | 文件控制程序 |
2. Purpose 目的
To detect surface discontinuities such as cracks, porosity, and seams in non-porous materials.
用于检测无孔材料表面的裂纹、气孔、夹缝等不连续性缺陷。
3. Personnel Qualification 人员资格
a) Operators shall be qualified to Level II or above in accordance with SNT-TC-1A.
操作人员应具备SNT-TC-1A规定的II级或以上资质。
b) Evaluators shall be qualified to Level II or above.
评估人员应具备II级或以上资质。
4. Equipment and Materials 设备与材料
a) Penetrant: Visible or fluorescent, Type I or II as per ASTM E165.
渗透剂：可见或荧光型，符合ASTM E165 Type I或II。
b) Developer: Dry, wet, or non-aqueous, Type A, B, or C.
显像剂：干粉、湿式或非水基，Type A, B或C。
c) Cleaner: Solvent-based or water-based remover.
清洗剂：溶剂型或水基型。
d) Equipment: Spray cans, brushes, or automated systems.
设备：喷罐、刷涂或自动化系统。
e) Calibration: Not required for consumables, but storage and expiration shall be controlled.
校准：耗材无需校准，但需控制存储和有效期。
5. Surface Preparation 表面准备
a) Surfaces shall be clean, dry, and free from grease, paint, scale, or other contaminants.
表面应清洁、干燥，无油脂、油漆、氧化皮等污染物。
b) Use mechanical or chemical methods for cleaning if necessary.
必要时使用机械或化学方法清洗。
c) Surface temperature shall be between 10°C and 52°C.
表面温度应在10°C至52°C之间。
6. Procedure 步骤
a) Pre-Cleaning: Clean the surface thoroughly.
预处理：彻底清洁表面。
b) Penetrant Application: Apply penetrant by spraying, brushing, or dipping. Dwell time: 5–30 minutes.
渗透剂施加：喷涂、刷涂或浸泡。停留时间：5–30分钟。
c) Excess Penetrant Removal: Remove excess penetrant with cleaner without over-cleaning.
多余渗透剂去除：用清洗剂去除，避免过度清洗。
d) Developer Application: Apply a thin, even layer of developer. Dwell time: 10–60 minutes.
显像剂施加：均匀施加一层显像剂。停留时间：10–60分钟。
e) Inspection: Examine under adequate white light (≥1000 lux) or UV-A light (≥1000 µW/cm² for fluorescent method).
检查：在白光（≥1000 lux）或紫外光（≥1000 µW/cm²）下检查。
f) Post-Cleaning: Clean surface after inspection if necessary.
后清洗：检查后必要时清洗表面。
7. Acceptance Criteria 验收标准
a) No linear indications > 3 mm.
线性显示长度不得超过3 mm。
b) No rounded indications > 5 mm.
圆形显示直径不得超过5 mm。
c) Four or more indications in a cluster are unacceptable.
成簇显示（4个或以上）不可接受。
d) Acceptance standards shall conform to ASTM E165 and project specifications.
验收标准应符合ASTM E165和项目规范。
8. Documentation 文件记录
a) PT report shall include:
PT报告应包括：
- Product ID, material, size
产品编号、材质、尺寸
- Penetrant type, developer type, dwell times
渗透剂类型、显像剂类型、停留时间
- Indications found and evaluation
发现的显示及评估结果
- Acceptance status
验收状态
b) Reports shall be archived.
报告应存档。
9. Re-inspection 复检
Re-inspection is required if:
以下情况需复检：
- Procedure is not followed
程序未遵循
- Doubtful results
结果存疑
- Customer request
客户要求
10. Safety 安全
Use personal protective equipment (PPE) and ensure ventilation.
使用个人防护装备，确保通风良好。